Beauty is More Than Skin Deep: Depictions of Aging Women in Ancient Egy

Beauty is More Than Skin Deep: Depictions of Aging Women in Ancient Egyptian Art In Ancient Egypt, women are typically shown as youthful and beautiful while more mature, older women are very rarely depicted. For men of the time, ageing is shown in art more frequently because it was a positive aspect of manhood. For ancient Egyptians, art wasn’t just made for pleasure or beauty; it was a very practical and necessary part of the day-to-day lives of the Egyptians. In art, Egyptian belief was that people needed to be depicted at their peak of energy and beauty in order to remain that way forever when they cross over into the afterlife. In most ancient Egyptian art, male ageing is represented more frequently than women since it was considered a positive image for men. Egyptian art seldom depicted older women or women growing older: "neither pregnancy nor the spreading waistline that many women must have had after years of bearing children is part of the image." However, there are examples that feature elements of ageing that are linked to elite and non-elite women alike. These demonstrations of older women are possibly an attempt to outwardly show on women the authority and honor in the same way the image of male ageing is represented. Though it is rarely depicted, we can use art to trace the portrayal of older women and women growing older in Egypt, from the Third Dynasty down to the end of the New Kingdom. As women age, their bodies change in various ways such as the development of wrinkles and white hair. However, Egyptian art did not necessarily combine these features in a consistent, fixed order when they show women as they grew older. This may reflect the reality of the ageing process: people do not always age in the sa... .... Pharaohs of the sun: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, Tutankhamen. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts in association with Bulfinch Press/Little, Brown and Co., 1999. Lesko, Barbara, "Queen Khamerernebty II and Her Sculpture," in Ancient Egyptian and Mediterranean Studies, (Providence, Rhode Island, 1998), 158. Moussa, Ahmed M., and Hartwig Altenmller, The Tomb of Nefer and Ka-Hay (Mainz, 1971), pg. 33. Robins, Gay. Women in ancient Egypt. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993. 180. Robins, Gay. While the Woman Looks On: Gender inequality in the New Kingdom. KMT 1/3 (1990), 21. Roth, Ann Macy, "Father Earth, Mother Sky: Ancient Egyptian Beliefs about Conception and Fertility,"194-96 Toivari-Viitala, J. Women at Deir el-Medina. A Study of the Status and Roles of the Female Inhabitants in the Workmen's Community during the Ramesside Period. Leiden, 2001.

Coffee Shop Business Plan

Java Culture coffee bar is determined to become a daily necessity for local coffee addicts, a place to dream of as you try to escape the daily stresses of life and just a comfortable place to meet your friends or to read a book, all in one. With the growing demand for high-quality gourmet coffee and great service, Java Culture will capitalize on its proximity to the University of Oregon campus to build a core group of repeat customers.Java Culture will offer its customers the best prepared coffee in the area that will be complimented with pastries, as well as free books that its patrons can read to enjoy their visit. The company will operate a 2,300 square foot coffee bar within a walking distance from the University of Oregon campus. The owners have secured this location through a three-year lease with an option for extending. The have also provided $140,000 of the required $170,000 start-up funds. The remaining capital will be obtained through Bank of America commercial loans.The c ompany is expected to grow sales revenue from $584,000 in FY2001 to $706,000 in year three. As Java Culture will strive to maintain a 65% gross profit margin and reasonable operating expenses, it will see net profits grow from $100,000 to $125,000 during the same period. 1. 1 Objectives Java Culture’s objectives for the first year of operations are: Become selected as the â€Å"Best New Coffee Bar in the area† by the local restaurant guide. Turn in profits from the first month of operations. Maintain a 65% gross margin. 1. 2 Keys to Success The keys to success will be:Store design that will be both visually attractive to customers, and designed for fast and efficient operations. Employee training to insure the best coffee preparation techniques. Marketing strategies aimed to build a solid base of loyal customers, as well as maximizing the sales of high margin products, such as espresso drinks. 1. 3 Mission Java Culture will make its best effort to create a unique place where customers can socialize with each other in a comfortable and relaxing environment while enjoying the best brewed coffee or espresso and pastries in town.We will be in the business of helping our customers to relieve their daily stresses by providing piece of mind through great ambience, convenient location, friendly customer service, and products of consistently high quality. Java Culture will invest its profits to increase the employee satisfaction while providing stable return to its shareholders. Company Summary Java Culture, an Oregon limited liability company, sells coffee, other beverages and snacks in its 2,300 square feet premium coffee bar located near the University of Oregon campus.Java Culture’s major investors are Arthur Garfield and James Polk who cumulatively own over 70% of the company. The start-up loss of the company is assumed in the amount of $27,680. 2. 1 Company Ownership Java Culture is registered as a Limited Liability Corporation in the state o f Oregon. Arthur Garfield owns 51% of the company. His cousin, James Polk, as well as Megan Flanigan and Todd Barkley hold minority stakes in Java Culture, LLC. 2. 2 Company Locations and Facilities Java Culture coffee bar will be located on the ground floor of the commercial building at the corner of West 13th Avenue and Patterson Street in Eugene, OR.The company has secured a one-year lease of the vacant 2,500 square feet premises previously occupied by a hair salon. The lease contract has an option of renewal for three years at a fixed rate that Java Culture will execute depending on the financial strength of its business. The floor plan will include a 200 square feet back office and a 2,300 square feet coffee bar, which will include a seating area with 15 tables, a kitchen, storage area and two bathrooms.The space in the coffee bar will be approximately distributed the following way–1,260 square feet (i. e., 55% of the total) for the seating area, 600 square feet (26%) fo r the production area, and the remaining 440 square feet (19%) for the customer service area. This property is located in a commercial area within a walking distance from the University of Oregon campus on the corner of a major thoroughfare connecting affluent South Eugene neighborhood with the busy downtown commercial area. The commercially zoned premises have the necessary water and electricity hookups and will require only minor remodeling to accommodate the espresso bar, kitchen and storage area.The coffee bar’s open and clean interior design with modern wooden decor will convey the quality of the served beverages and snacks, and will be in-line with the establishment’s positioning as an eclectic place where people can relax and enjoy their cup of coffee. The clear window displays, through which passerby will be able to see customers enjoying their beverages, and outside electric signs will be aimed to grab the attention of the customer traffic. Products Java Cultu re will offer its customers the best tasting coffee beverages in the area.This will be achieved by using high-quality ingredients and strictly following preparation guidelines. The store layout, menu listings and marketing activities will be focused on maximizing the sales of higher margin espresso drinks. Along with the espresso drinks, brewed coffee and teas, as well as some refreshment beverages, will be sold in the coffee bar. Java Culture will also offer its clients pastries, small salads and sandwiches. For the gourmet clientele that prefers to prepare its coffee at home, Java Culture will also be selling coffee beans.The menu offerings will be supplemented by free books and magazines that customers can read inside the coffee bar. 3. 1 Product Description The menu of the Java Culture coffee bar will be built around espresso-based coffee drinks such as lattes, mochas, cappuccinos, etc. Each of the espresso-based drinks will be offered with whole, skimmed, or soy milk. Each of t hese coffee beverages is based on a ‘shot’ of espresso, which is prepared in the espresso machine by forcing heated water through ground coffee at high pressure.Such espresso shots are combined with steamed milk and/or other additives like cocoa, caramel, etc. , to prepare the espresso-based beverages. Proper preparation techniques are of paramount importance for such drinks. A minor deviation from the amount of coffee in the shot, the size of the coffee particles, the temperature of milk, etc. , can negatively affect the quality of the prepared drink. 3. 2 Sales Literature Two thousand flyers will be distributed in the adjacent neighborhood, on the University campus, at the malls and in the selected office buildings within two weeks prior to the opening of Java Culture.Subsequently, free postcards with Java Culture endorsement will be printed to increase the company visibility among the patrons. Market Analysis Summary U. S. coffee consumption has shown steady growth, with gourmet coffee having the strongest growth. Coffee drinkers in the Pacific Northwest are among the most demanding ones. They favor well-brewed gourmet coffee drinks and demand great service. Eugene, OR, with its liberal and outgoing populace and long rainy winter, has traditionally been a great place for coffee establishments.Java Culture will strive to build a loyal customer base by offering a great tasting coffee in a relaxing environment of its coffee bar located close to the bustling University of Oregon campus. 4. 1 Market Segmentation Java Culture will focus its marketing activities on reaching the University students and faculty, people working in offices located close to the coffee bar and on sophisticated teenagers. Our market research shows that these are the customer groups that are most likely to buy gourmet coffee products.Since gourmet coffee consumption is universal across different income categories and mostly depends on the level of higher education, proximity to the University of Oregon campus will provide access to the targeted customer audience. 4. 2 Target Market Segment Strategy Java Culture will cater to people who want to get their daily cup of great-tasting coffee in a relaxing atmosphere. Such customers vary in age, although our location close to the University campus means that most of our clientele will be college students and faculty. Our market research shows that these are discerning customers that gravitate towards better tasting coffee.Furthermore, a lot of college students consider coffee bars to be a convenient studying or meeting location, where they can read or meet with peers without the necessity to pay cover charges. For us, this will provide a unique possibility for building a loyal client base. 4. 2. 1 Market Needs General trend toward quality among U. S. consumers definitely plays an important role in the recent growth in gourmet coffee. Additionally, such factors as desire for small indulgencies, for something m ore exotic and unique, provide a good selling opportunity for coffee bars.4. 3 Industry Analysis Coffee consumption has shown a steady 2. 5% growth rate in the United States over the last decade. In 1994, total sales of coffee were approximately $7. 5 billion with gourmet coffee representing 33% (or $2. 5 billion) of that. The retail coffee industry is flourishing in the U. S. Pacific Northwest. The local climate, with a long rainy season, is very conducive for the consumption of hot non-alcoholic beverages. At the same time, hot dry summers drive people into cafes to order iced drinks.Further, coffee has really become a part of the lifestyle in the Pacific Northwest. Its discerning coffee drinkers are in favor of well-prepared, strong coffee-based beverages, which they can consume in a relaxing environment. 4. 3. 1 Competition and Buying Patterns Competition According to the 1997 Oregon Food service Statistics (NAICS 72), Eugene had 45 established snack & non-alcoholic beverage bar s (NAICS 722213) with total sales of $14. 2 million. Among other establishments that offer coffee drinks to their customers are most of Eugene’s limited- and full-service restaurants.Java Culture’s direct competitors will be other coffee bars located near the University of Oregon campus. These include Starbucks, Cafe Roma, The UO Bookstore, and other Food service establishments that offer coffee. Starbucks will definitely be one of the major competitors because of its strong financial position and established marketing and operational practices. However, despite of Starbuck’s entrenched market position, many customers favor smaller, independent establishments that offer cozy atmosphere and good coffee at affordable prices.Cafe Roma is a good example of such competition. We estimate that Starbucks holds approximately 35% market share in that neighborhood, Cafe Roma appeals to 25% of customers, The UO Bookstore caters to another 10%, with the remaining market shar e split among other establishments. Java Culture will position itself as a unique coffee bar that not only offers the best tasting coffee and pastries but also provides home-like, cozy and comfortable environment, which established corporate establishments lack.We will cater to customers’ bodies and minds, which will help us grow our market share in this competitive market. Buying Patterns The major reason for the customers to return to a specific coffee bar is a great tasting coffee, quick service and pleasant atmosphere. Although, as stated before, coffee consumption is uniform across different income segments, Java Culture will price its product offerings competitively. We strongly believe that selling coffee with a great service in a nice setting will help us build a strong base of loyal clientele.

Dystopian And Other Science Fiction Genres - 1971 Words

Dystopian and other science fiction genres literature often critique society in meaningful ways that give the novels greater depth than might be expected of books written for younger audiences. Recently, â€Å"dystopian novels set in some dark, post-nuclear fallout future have dominated the young adult—better known as YA—bestseller lists† (Donston-Miller). The line between age groups in some of these novels also blur as adults latch on the increasingly complex themes and characters in modern science fiction for young adults. Adult may become just as interested in the struggles of Katniss Everdeen as any teenager might. When those lines blur it can be harder for authors and publishers to draw lines of what should and shouldn’t be included in young adult literature. They may expect to be writing to a much wider audience and may find it allowable to insert darker themes and endings to make a point. As this continues, doors seemed to have been opened for young adult literature to become darker over time. Just as the movie Tomorrowland points out, dystopian media has been on the rise and people are thriving off of it. The trend might also be increasing the acceptance of darkness in media for youth in this way. The problems presented in dystopian literature are also things that are becoming more and more relatable to people of all ages while the world experiences new dangers daily. According to some young adult authors such as Todd Mitchell, darker science fiction themes may beShow MoreRelatedJean Melies s The Moon, By Georges Melies1334 Words   |  6 PagesScience fiction films have been captivating audiences for almost as long as filmmaking has been around. Georges Mà ©lià ¨s’s overtly theatrical, 1902 masterpiece A trip to the moon, is one of earliest pieces of cinema of the 19th century. The film set the stage for a genre that would captivate audiences for decades to come. 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The Crisis Of Modernity Within Political Liberalism

The crisis of modernity within political liberalism can be seen as a result of modern man slowly losing faith in reason and trust. In addition to, as a substantial factor to arguments that modern man will do anything he to achieve his vision of what â€Å"greater human life is or can be†. Through the reflection of the thoughts, experiences, and writings of Thomas Hobbes, one can can to begin to question where the crisis arises from. Hobbes argues that â€Å"modern man no longer knows what he wants† and has lost â€Å"faith in reason’s ability to validate its highest aims† manifesting into a spiraling crisis where modern man creates a destructive path between â€Å"greater life† and the trust that binds human society together. Furthermore, argues that are distant differences between passion and reason, which thus relates to the overarching factors of political liberalism and what the true crisis within is. 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The Republic Is Plato s Best Known Work - 1621 Words

Final Exam The Republic is Plato’s best known work and gives and account of Socrates as he tackles several of some of the most intellectually important topics that humanity has known. This book has not only survived the test of time, but it is one of the world’s most influential books that has ever been written. The book starts by giving an argument that deals with the nature of justice that sets the foundation for the rest of the topics and the assumptions about what an ideal relationship with the state might be from a variety of different perspectives. For example, Socrates argues that one should be just for their own self-interest, which is also presented as the means to organizing society. There are ten books in the series however and a wide range of different topics are covered – everything from what knowledge constitutes, to the allegory about the cave, and to the ideal form and evolution of the form of government. The role of art in the society is also reviewed and Socrates is pictured as not a fan of imitative art. Although this work was produced more than two millennia ago, all of the themes that are presented in the book are still extremely relevant in today’s world as all of the topics covered have never been completely settled and the discussions and debates continue in contemporary society. Socrates argues that through individual contributions to the greater good that can lead to a democracy however this form of government can be fleeting in its existence.Show MoreRelatedPersonal Philosophy : Al Farabi1684 Words   |  7 Pageslike Ibn Sina. Through his works, he became well known in the East as well as the West. Al Farabi’s philosophy was heavily influenced by Greek philosophy just like how western philosophy was influenced by Greek philosophy. Specifically, Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates were the main Greek influencers of Al Farabi. 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The Republic is known to be the one of the world’s most influential philosophical writing. The Book has multiple themes, its main theme is to define Justice. While answering what justice is, it talks about many otherRead MoreA Brief Study of Logographic Writing, Polis, Plato, and Alexander660 Words   |  3 PagesLogographic Logographic is a form of writing which was once popularly used but is today best exemplified by the type of writing utilized in China. Unlike other writing forms, the logographic form of writing uses a series of visual symbols to represent words as opposed to the more commonly used system where individual letters are used to represent sounds (Fischer, 2004). The logographic system of writing is a representative example of the earliest forms of writing and it first appeared in the areas

A Letter To Myself Free Essays

What about family? Hope you’re all well and you have a handsome husband – military officer, caring about you and your children. And you have two kids: a son – footballer and a daughter – ballerina. If not, do not worry! Whole life Is ahead, because you Just have got your dream Job and going to get a second degree. We will write a custom essay sample on A Letter To Myself or any similar topic only for you Order Now And have you learned the most beautiful language In the world? For so many years It Is quite possible . And If you still have not vaulted France, I’ll be very disappointed! It’s our dreams what about other places? Rome or Madrid? New Zealand? If not, run and pack your suitcases’ If you’ve got all these things done, then you can be proud of yourself! Now, put before yourself other goals, dream a lot and strive to it! And most importantly, never lose hope! All in all, you only live once, and you should try to experience everything in life: to try to achieve something, to conquer the top, test yourself, your character, strength of will and spirit. I believe that you’ve done it, or to no end, you’ll do it! Hope you have a great future. I love you z)) Take care, From the Real You.. Takes a lot of time and efforts. That’s why it is very important to have a good teacher. I am very grateful to my English teacher – Easel Montanan, who was also our curator on the first course. The door opened and pleasant woman with kind smile entered the classroom. She greeted the students and introduced herself to us. It was the first time when we met her. We were studying on the first course when our first acquaintance with Easel Montanan happened. I remember my first impression of meeting with her. When our teacher looked around us silently, with smile on her face, I had a feeling that she could penetrate the soul of every student. Easel Montanan is a competent and professional teacher. She has a good command of the English language. From lesson to lesson we have improved our knowledge, have earn more and more new words, grammar structures and put them into practice of speaking. She patiently corrected our mistakes and explained us everything, what we could not understand. Our lessons sometimes were full of fun. She always looked perfectly, and we never saw her face being angry or unfriendly. She helped us to develop our intellect, our attitudes to life and to other people. I thank her for that. No matter how many teachers we had through our life, we will always remember them and all the good things which they made for us. We were lucky to have such a nice teacher as Easel Montanan. Thank her very much. How to cite A Letter To Myself, Papers

Digital Marketing Involving Areas

Question: Describe about An analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing for the chosen organisation. This should include areas like promotion, distribution, service provision, new product development and so on !!!the organisation selected is NIKE !!! Answer: Introduction Nike runs several different forms of digital marketing involving areas such as social networking, television advertisement and paid online advertisements to reach its wide customer base. This customer base spans across 6 continents and the company utilise up to 44,000 employees worldwide to conduct their operations.[1] Their use of professional athletes is particularly effective as it provides prominent role models that consumers idolise, therefore solidifying Nike products are a top-tier sports ware brand. They have a variety of successful social media campaigns promoting their products, one of which is the highly successful Find your Greatness campaign which collected over five million views, nine thousand likes and one thousand comments.[2] This advertisement reached a huge global audience which is an incredible form of advertisement as the product reaches a large proportion of its target audience due to the filter systems created for ads on social platforms. This provides their p roducts with a high effectiveness in their advertisement as adverts reach primarily the audience that they would appeal to. This is further reinforced in the distribution figures of Nike, which show that their direct sales provide a higher margin than sales to wholesalers. This means that the direct marketing campaigns that Nike employ are highly successful as they sell more units themselves, than through wholesale companies [3] . The present report analyses the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike. Analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike Nikes research and development department is also hugely successful as they develop new products in their RD department, but then test them through a variety of means, the primary being using groups of sports personalities and journalists to test their products in a controlled setting, this actually provides them with a basis for prototype marketing as commonly their shoes receive a large amount of attention before they are even released. [4] This is incredibly useful as in the necessary process of testing their new products, they are also reducing the costs of their final marketing campaign for their products which is a solid business strategy. They then make their services apparent to their customer base by advertising their products with local sports stars to increase the relatability of their advertisement for the consumer, subsequently increasing the likelihood of adverts being successful and their campaign being more cost effective. An example of this would be their use of loca l star Marco Bresciano in Australia to provide a relevant focus of their advertisement to the Australian public. [5] The end goal of Nike is to make sure that people buy their products and not from other brands. For accomplishing the goal, the company has made a good choice to diverge from the traditional advertising and emphasize on digital marketing. The brand has taken up an appropriate step in that big investment has been made in social media, that includes Facebook and Twitter and Nike+, the companys own social network. The demand is that by owing the data and providing services to the customers, there is a desirable increase in the brand loyalty. Livestrong campaign is a good example of how the company uses mobile to involve consumers in marketing campaigns. Nike had the interactive campaign Fuel Your Team using the Nike+ social platform having more than six million members[6]. Nikes digital media approaches have been determined by changes in the means consumers can interact with the brands. There is the underlying realization that digital technologies have changed internal processes in companies apart from consumer-facing processes. For accompanying the shift towards rise of digital media, the brand has built multiple social sites and launched a presence in social platform dominating specific geographies. Nike has strengthened their brand over Instagram as using arty videos and carefully shot photographs is benefitting the brand image. Nike has branched into many departments as it has witnessed much growth. The aspect where Nike excels in Twitter is that their interaction with the followers is strong and it provides an effective platform to get advice and responses from the consumers that make them feel special. Nike has the longest and largest standing following on Facebook. It is the purposeful utilization of social media where community build up is poss ible among the consumers. Such community is the forum for discussing new ideas and opinions on how to bring advancements in the brand image. The venture division Digital Sport is a thought process from global strategy comprehending requirements of digital strategy. Getting close to consumers data means Nike holds promise for being one of the worlds biggest sports companies. It has the foundation for getting the best answers to the opportunities for engaging with the consumers and getting feedback from their products. The bold move implies that Nike can follow close the customers and the users and forge a long-term association and strong relation[7]. Nike has understood that the purchase of a product from the company is not the end of marketing cycle. It is rather the beginning of the opportunity to offer a varied variety of serves and products tailored for individual needs. What Nike is executing is really the way famous brands must do for marketing themselves to the consumers in the present era of high competitive market. Digital marketing is being used to answer questions of the consumers, raise awareness and allow consumers to share the results. Nike has achieved a large amount of brand exposure from the excellent digital marketing, especially through social media[8]. However there have been several issues with their marketing campaigns such as; A mismatch between product offering and customer needs, apparent with their Nike Free Run mens running shoes as they were more comfortable when walking than running. This mismatch could reduce their marketing success as shoes could become known as ineffective at their role and therefore their unit sales would drop as consumer confidence would be reduced in the produce. Another issue which could cause Nike the same problem is that their product quality on Nike Air shoes was reported to be low, further reducing consumer confidence due to this being a large safety concern. Finally there has been an issue of the Nike website not entertaining a customers query, since the point of service is not a Nike store but a Wal-Mart. This would cause a loss of sales as retailers that are not invested in Nike products would not have employees possess the required knowledge to advise customers on which shoes would best suit their needs and therefore some consumers may be put off by this and seek other competetors products that they can collect more information on before they make their purchase. This is damaging to the company as it would cause a loss of sales due to its outsourcing of sales and the lower number of own branded shops which could provide consumers with more targeted information, making their previous marketing campaigns more effective as units would subsequently actually be sold. [2] Conclusion In conclusion the social media marketing campaigns of Nike are highly effective in reaching their target audiences, however improvements need to be made in the testing of new products to ensure marketing can surround the strengths of the product and the product can meet standard, furtherly their points of sale need to be improved to ensure that products that have been successfully advertised can then be sold to the consumers. Bibliography 1 - https://www.nikebiz.com/crreport/content/workers-and-factories/3-11-0-interactive-map.php?cat=map 2 - https://www.slideshare.net/ojasvipat/final-digital-marketing-at-nike 3 - https://marketrealist.com/2014/12/nikes-distribution-channels-products-reach-customers/ 4 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-4.html 5 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-6.html 6 - https://www.intelligenthq.com/social-media-business/nike-takes-digital-data-and-social-media-marketing-seriously/ 7 - https://digitalfireflymarketing.com/how-nike-killing-it-social-media-marketing 8 - https://linkhumans.com/case-study/nike